Boiler.



H. A. BOLZE.

BOILER.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 21, 1908.

Patented Sept. 15, 1908.

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H. A. BOLZE.

BOILER.

APPLIOATION FILED FEB. 21, 1908.

Papented Sept. 15, 1908.

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APPLICATION FILED FEB. 21, 1908. 7

Patented Sept. 15, 1908.

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LQ W A W l ZZ W A HEINRICH .ATHANASIUS BOLZE, OF HANOVER, GERMANY.

BOILER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 15, 1908.

Application filed February 21, 1908. Serial No. 417,047.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HEINRIoH ATHANAsIUs BOLZE, a subject of the German Emperor, and residing at Hanover, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Boilers, of which the following is a specification.

The subject-matter of the present invention is a sectional boiler having a new kind of construction of flues, and the fire-gases are likewise conducted through the boiler in a new manner.

An important object of the invention is to provide a boiler in which the fuel or firegases are particularly favorably utilized, the fire-box, grate, charging shaft and the fines being suitably arranged, and the latter being easily controlled and cleaned.

In order that the invention may be clearly understood, reference is made to the accompanying drawings in which one embodiment is represented by way of example, and in which:

Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section through the central axis of a sectional boiler, Fig. 2 a vertical section through a central section of the boiler, Fig. 3 a longitudinal section through the flues, Fig. 4 a horizontal section through part of the boiler, and Fig. 5 a front elevation of the boiler. Fig. 6 is a vertical section through a central section of the new boiler without a charging shaft.

The boiler represented in Figs. 1 to 5 consists of eight sections 1 to 8, namely the like central sections 2 to 7 and the sections 1 and 8 which form the ends of the boiler. The individual sections of the boiler are hollow bodies which are filled with water or with steam in their upper parts, the latter being the case when they are used as steam boilers.

The chambers of the sections which are filled with water or steam have their upper and lower parts connected with one another by collecting pipes K, K, as shown, or the chambers are connected directly with one another above and below in known manner.

Each central section has cavities or places left for the necessary parts of a boiler, namely for a fire-box c, grate-portion b, which is preferably likewise hollow and flowed through by water, ash-pit c, charging shaft (Z and the fines e,f, g, h, of which the two flues h form horizontal smoke channels which conduct the fire-gases to the smoke-pipe r connected with the end section of the boiler and which connects the channels h with one another.

When the sections of the boiler are joined one to another, the individual parts of the boiler, such as the fire-box a, grate b, ash-pit c, charging shaft d and flues c,f, g, it increase in the correct proportion, when they are cor rect for the individual central sections. Thus the cavities of these sections and the grate I) go through the entire length of the composite boiler until they are ended by the end sections and the cleaning doors.

The front section 5 has cavities for the firedoor and ash-pit door Z (Fig. 1), the charging door m and the cleaning and controlling doors n, n of the flues; these doors close directly on the section of the boiler or they are arranged on a supporting plate which is fitted tightly against the front section and likewise contains the corresponding openings for the above mentioned parts.

The smoke-flue pipe 1" for connecting the boiler with the chimney is connected to the rear section 8 (Fig; 3).

he improvement of the boiler consists in the flues e, e, f, f passing through the entire boilerchamber, the fines c, e being situated above the fire-box a and at both sides of the filling shaft (Z, and the flues f, f at both sides of the fire-box a. The parts of the individual sections of the boiler shown hatched in Fig. 2 abut against one another, and the'joints between the sections in the direction of the fire-box a, ash-pit c and flues e, f, g, and h are closed with fire-proof cement, so that the fire gases must move through the boiler in the desired manner.

The fire-gases are burned and utilized as fol lows: The fuel is placed in layers on the grate b in the fire-box a and it may reach to the upper part of the filling shaft d. The fire-box preferably tapers downwards and is enlarged upwards, so that the area of the grate shall not exceed the necessary amount, in order to obtain neither excess on account of a too large area of grate, nor a dead layer of fuel through which no air for combustion can be supplied, so that the air for combustion entermg through the grate is uniformly distributed on the lower surface of the layer of fuel by means of the downwardly constricted fire-box with the relatively narrow grate. Moreover since a somewhat large store of fuel is preferable, and as the upper enlargement of the fire-box makes it possible for the connecting channels 2', t to lead upwards directly into the'fiues e, e from the fire-box a, the described arrangement of the fire-box and the connection with the fiues is advantageous.

The connecting channels '21, i situated at I both sides of the filling shaft between all the sections, or some of the same, conduct the gases from the fire-box a in such a manner into the upper broad part of the fiues that they must fiow along the heating surface next to the filling shaft d until they are defiected aside in the highest part of the fiues and fill the entire chamber 6, 6 because the fire-gases entering through the channels, i have a high temperature and enter with a pressure above that of'the atmosphere, and the colder gaseous contents of the fiues f and e can flow away downwards. A part of the gaseous contents of the fiues e will also mix with the fire-gases when the same enter and lessen the otherwise injurious action of the jet of fiame. The arrows drawn in Figs. 1 and 2 show the path of the air for combustion and of the ascending and descending firegases.

The connecting channels g, g which are between the fiues f, f and horizontal channels h, h and which form cavities between all or some sections are narrower than the appertaining connecting channels t which are left open between two sections. In this manner the fiues f, f are constricted at g, g, so that the fire-gases fiow not only into, the horizon tal channels h, h through those channels g, g which are situated nearest to the smoke-fine or chimney, but they must be drawn away through all the channels g, g; and when more fire-gases must go through the flues, when the boiler is in full operation, than can issue through the channels g, g the fire-gases must move towards the front section where a free passage 0 to the fiues is situated at the height of the channels g, g which passage must be selected so great that it, in combination with the channels g, g, admits of all the fire-gases issuing,- as Fig. 3 shows. Clearly the cavity or part left open in the front section at 0 may, in case it is necessary, also be arranged in the second section, and the fire-gases should not only move from fiues e and f to fiue h from above downwards through the narrowed fiues g, g when the boiler is fully utilized but also from the rear art of the boiler to the front, namely pass iagonally longitudinally through the boiler.

' The fiues e, e and f f of the individual sec-.

tions have also passed through them tubular bodies 25 for increasing the heating surface still more hot water circulates through these bodies and the fire-gases can fiow round them as they are not as deep as the sections of the boiler. These tubular bodies pass vertically or slantwise through the fiues in order to enable the hot water to circulate better.

Fig. 6 shows the arrangement of the fiues in a boiler with horizontal grate firing and without a filling shaft. The fire-gases enter here also through the connecting channels into the fiues 6, so that they first fiow over the heating surfaces which are nearest to the central axis of the boiler; otherwise they move through this boiler as in that with a filling shaft above described.

It remains to be mentioned that the fiues c, f, g and the horizontal channel h may also be arranged at one side of the fire-box a,

grate b, and ash-pit c, as well as the filling shaft (I when this is. present, when the firegases are burned and utilized in the same manner.

What I claim as my invention and desire to. secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a boiler of the type described, the combination of a plurality of central sections in a row having openings forming a fire-box, fiues (f) and smoke-channels (h) through the same, a front section closing said openings at the front, and arearsction closing saidfire-box and fiues at the rear, said fiues being connected through openings (i) with said fire-box and connected in each section, with the exception of one or more preferably at the front of the boiler, with the smokechannels through openings (g) which are smaller than said openings (i) connecting the fiues with said fire-box.

2. In a boiler of the type described, the

combination. of a plurality of central sections in a row having openings forming a basketlike fire-box, lateral fiues and smoke-channels below the latter through the sections, a front section closing said openings at the front, and a rear section closing said firebox and fiues at the rear, said fiues being connected through openings -(i) with said fire-box and connected in each section, with the exception of one or more preferably at the front of the boiler, with the smoke-channels through openings (g) which are smaller than said openings (i) connecting the fiues with said fire-box, the arrangement of said fire-box and fiues and. the openings (i) connecting the same being such that the fire gases are able to pass from the fire-box through. said openings. (fl into the fiuesin such a manner that the gases, following their own tendency, rise inthe already cool gaseous contents of the fiues, mix with the same and then participate in the downward movement of the same.

3. In a boiler of the type described, the combination of a plurality of central sections in a row having openings forming a fire-box, horizontal fiues (f) and smoke-channels (h) under the latter through the sections, a front section closing said openings at the front, a rear section closing said fire-box and fiues, at the rear, said fiues being connected through openings 6) with said fire-box, and connected in each section, with the exception of one or more preferably at the front of the boiler, with said smoke-channels through openings (g) which are smaller than said openings 11) connecting the fines with said fire-box, and water-tubes passing slantwise through said fiues, whereby not only is the heating surface increased, but a better circulation of water is obtained in the slanting water-tubes, and when bubbles of steam form in the water-tubes they are able to rise easily.

4. A boiler comprising a series of transverse sections arranged in a row and having openings forming a fire box, horizontal fines for the fire gases, a horizontal smoke channel extending through all of the sections, passages connecting the fire box to the fiues, passages connecting the fiues to the smoke channel, some of these latter passages being smaller than the passages connecting the fire box to the fiues, some of said latter passages being larger than the others, said larger passages being near one end of the boiler.

5. A boiler comprising a series of transverse sections arranged in a row and having openings forming a fire box, horizontal fines for the fire gases, a horizontal smoke channel extending through all of the sections, passages connecting the fire box to the flue, passages connecting the fiues to the smoke channel, some of these latter passages being smaller than the passages connecting the fire box to the fines and some of said latter passages being larger than the others, said larger passages being near the front end of the boiler.

6. A boiler comprising a series of transverse sections arranged in a row and having openings forming a fire box, horizontal lines for the fire gases, a horizontal smoke channel extending through all of the sections, passages connecting the fire box to the flue, passages connecting the fines to the smoke channel, some of these latter passages being smaller than the passages connecting the fire box to the flues and some of said latter passages being larger than the others, said larger passages being in the front section of the boiler, substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

7. A hollow section for a sectional boiler provided with a central opening to form a fire box chamber, horizontal fiues on each side of said central opening for the passage of the fire gases, horizontal smoke channels below the fiues and at the bottom of the section, passages being formed to connect the fire box with the fiues, and other passages being formed to connect the fiues with the smoke channels, these latter passages being smaller than the'passages connecting the fire box with the fiues, and a hollow grate portion extending across the fire box, its ends being in communication with the interior of the boiler section.

8. A boiler comprising a series of transverse sections arranged in a row and having openings forming a fire box chamber and also having openings near the fire box chamber to form horizontal lines for the passage of the fire gases, other openings being formed through said sections to form a horizontal smoke channel extending through all of the sections, passages connecting the fire box to v the gas lines, other passages connecting the fiues to the smoke channel, some of these latter passages being smaller than the passages connecting the fire box to the fines and some of said passages being larger than the passages connecting the fire box to the fiues, said larger passages being near the front of the boiler, a front section and a rear section, a smoke outlet being provided in the rear section in communication with the rear end of the smoke channel, whereby a portion of the gases will travel forward in the gas fiues and will enter the smoke channel at the front of the boiler.

9. A boiler comprising a series of transverse sections arranged in a row and having openings forming a central longitudinal fire box chamber and also having openings on each side of the fire box chamber to form horizontal longitudinally extending flues for the passage of the fire gases, other openings being formed through said sections below the flues and on each side of the fire box chamber to form longitudinally extending smoke channels near the bottoms of the sections, restricted passages connecting the gas flues to the fire box chamber, said passages being substantially uniform in size throughout all of the boiler sections, other passages being formed in each section to connect the lowermost gas flues with the adjoining smoke channel, some of these passages being smaller than the passages connecting the fire box chamber with the gas fines and other of said passages being larger than the passages from the fire box chamber to the gas fiues, these larger passages being formed near the front of the boiler, a front section provided with a channel connecting the flues to the smoke channel, a rear section closing the rear ends of the fiues and provided with an outlet for the smoke channels, whereby a portion of the products of combustion will travel forward in the gas flues and will enter the smoke channel at the front of the boiler.

In testimony whereof, I affix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

HEINRICH ATHANASIUS BOLZE.

Witnesses:

ROBERT v. BriLow, H. BERLINER. 

